The confluence of turbulent Canyon Creek with the wild and scenic Lochsa River in north central Idaho is a site with an intriguing history spanning nearly one-and-a-quarter centuries. In 1893 it was a footnote in the saga of the ill-fated Carlin hunting party. From summer to fall, 1933, it held nearly two hundred tent-dwelling Civilian Conservation Corps recruits, mostly from New York State, who built roads and fought fires for the U.S. Forest Service. The antics of these "city slickers" provide colorful insights into both CCC camp operations and the lives of young men far from home. In the summer of 1935 the site became Federal Prison Camp No. 11, a road-building facility for prisoners from the Leaven-worth, Kansas, penitentiary, and later from other institutions. The first inmates to arrive constructed barracks and other buildings sufficient for housing some two hundred convicts. Dick Hendricks, the chief clerk at the prison camp from 1937 to 1939, described how the authorities stressed rehabilitation, rather than punishment. Because the camp was not fenced, some escapes occurred; the more thrilling ones are documented. Although the prison camp closed in May 1943, the site immediately became the Kooskia Internment Camp for Japanese non-citizen men who had been arrested and interned following the outbreak of World War II. They had volunteered for their road-building and camp support jobs and received wages. While their story has already been told in Priscilla Wegars' Imprisoned in Paradise: Japanese Internee Road Workers at the World War II Kooskia Internment Camp (2010), several chapters in Rugged present some additional information about the internment camp, particularly the medical and dental care offered there. Italian and German internee forest, agriculture, and railroad camps existed elsewhere in the region. The Italian internees could freely visit local towns near their camps, and thus were more privileged than the Japanese internees, but in one unpleasant instance, union intolerance forced the Italians to abandon a project. German internees worked on road access construction in the Nez Perce National Forest, and sometimes helped fight forest fires. In recent years, historical research and archaeological excavations have contributed to local, regional, and national interest in the three camps at Canyon Creek. This attention ensures that these facilities, and their occupants, once overlooked and even forgotten, will continue to be remembered into the future. Book jacket.